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Narada Purana (Jyotisha Selections) · Chapter 6
कालमानं मुहूर्ताङ्गानि च
This chapter teaches the panchanga and muhurta elements one by one. It begins with the nine ways of counting time and the sixty-year cycle.
Then come the moon days, the weekdays and the hour lords. Next it takes the stars, the yogas and the karanas. It lists the good and bad ones, and the days to skip. It ends with planet transits from the birth sign, gems for the planets and the work each rising sign suits.
The English below is our translation from the Sanskrit.
चंद्रेशादितिजीवाहिपितरो भगसंज्ञकः ।अर्यमार्कत्वष्टृमरुच्छक्राग्निमित्रवासवः ॥ १६९ ॥
The Moon, Isha, Aditi, Jupiter, Ahi, the Pitris and the one called Bhaga. Then Aryaman, Arka, Tvashtri, Marut, Shakra and Agni together, Mitra and Vasava.
Simple meaning: This continues the list of gods who rule the stars, in order.
नैर्ऋत्युदकविश्वेजगोविंदवसुतोयपाः ।अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्या पूषा चेति प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ १७० ॥
Nairriti, Udaka, the Vishvedevas, Govinda, Vasu, Toyapa, Ajaikapad, Ahirbudhnya and Pusha are named.
Simple meaning: This finishes the list of gods who rule the stars.
पूर्वात्रयं मघाह्यग्निविशाखाय ममूलभम् ।अधोमुखं तु नवकं भानौ तत्र विधीयते ॥ १७१ ॥
The three Purvas, Magha, Ahi's and Agni's stars, Vishakha, Yama's star and Mula: these nine stars face downward. In them the following is done.
Simple meaning: Nine stars face downward. The next verse names the work to do in them.
बिलप्रवेशगणितभूतसाधनलेखनम् ।शिल्पकर्मकलाकूपनिक्षेपोद्धरणादि यत् ॥ १७२ ॥
Entering a hole or cave, counting, rites to master a bhuta (spirit), and writing. Craft work, the arts, digging a well, burying things and digging them up, and the like.
Simple meaning: Downward stars suit digging, wells, writing, counting and craft work.
मित्रेन्दुत्वाष्ट्रहस्तेन्द्रादितिभांत्याश्विवायुभम् ।तिर्यङ्मुखाख्यं नवकं भानौ तत्र विधीयते ॥ १७३ ॥
Mitra's, Indu's and Tvashtri's stars, Hasta, Indra's and Aditi's stars, the last star, and the Ashvins' and Vayu's stars: these nine face sideways. In them the following is done.
Simple meaning: Nine stars face sideways. The next verse names the work to do in them.
हलप्रवाहगमनं गंत्रीपत्रगजोष्ट्रकम् ।खरगोरथनौयानलुलायहयकर्म च ॥ १७४ ॥
Ploughing, travel, carts and carriages, elephants and camels. Donkeys, cattle, chariots, boats and riding, and work with buffaloes and horses.
Simple meaning: Sideways stars suit ploughing, travel, carts, boats and work with animals.
ब्रह्मविष्णुमहेशार्यशततारावसूत्तराः ।ऊर्द्धास्यं नवकं भानां प्रोक्तमत्र विधीयते ॥ १७५ ॥
Brahma's, Vishnu's, Mahesha's and Arya's stars, Shatataraka, Vasu's star and the Uttaras: these nine stars face upward. In them the following is done.
Simple meaning: Nine stars face upward. The next verse names the work to do in them.
नृपाभिषेकमांगल्यवारणध्वजकर्मच ।प्रासादतोरणारामप्राकाराद्यं च सिद्धचति ॥ १७६ ॥
Crowning a king, auspicious rites, elephant and banner work, palaces, gateways, gardens, walls and the like all succeed.
Simple meaning: These stars suit a king's crowning, building palaces and gates, and auspicious rites.
स्थिरं रोहिण्युत्तराख्यं क्षिप्रं सूर्याश्विपुष्यभम् ।साधारणं द्विदैवत्यं वह्निभं च प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ १७७ ॥
The fixed ones are Rohini and those named Uttara. The quick ones are the Sun's star, Ashvini and Pushya. The common ones are the star of the two gods and Agni's star.
Simple meaning: Rohini and the Uttaras are fixed. Hasta, Ashvini and Pushya are quick. Vishakha and Krittika are common.
वस्वदित्यंबुपुष्याणि विष्णुभं चरसंज्ञितम् ।मृद्विंदुमित्रचित्रांत्यमुग्रं पूर्वामघात्रिकम् ॥ १७८ ॥
Vasu's, Aditi's and Ambu's stars, Pushya and Vishnu's star are called moving. Indu's, Mitra's, Chitra and the last star are soft. The three Purvas and Magha are fierce.
Simple meaning: Dhanishta, Punarvasu, Shatabhisha, Pushya and Shravana are moving. Four are soft. The Purvas and Magha are fierce.
मूलार्द्राहींद्रभं तीक्ष्णं स्वनामसदृशं फलम् ।चित्रादित्यंबुविष्णवंबांत्याधिमित्रवसूडुषु ॥ १७९ ॥
Mula, Ardra, Ahi's star and Indra's star are sharp. Each group gives results like its name. In Chitra, Aditi's, Vishnu's, the last, Mitra's and Vasu's stars, (Our text is unclear here: two names in this list are misprinted.)
Simple meaning: Mula, Ardra, Ashlesha and Jyeshtha are sharp. Each star group acts like its name. The ear-piercing list begins.
समृगेज्येषु बालानां कर्णवेधक्रिया हिता ।दस्रेन्द्वदितितिष्येषु करादित्रितये तथा ॥ १८० ॥
and in Mrigashira and Jupiter's star, ear piercing for children is good. In Dasra's, Indu's, Aditi's and Tishya's stars, and the three from Hasta,
Simple meaning: Ear piercing for children is good in these stars. The next list is for elephant work.
गजकर्माखिलं यत्तद्विधेयं स्थिरभेषु च ।वाजिकर्माखिलं कार्यं सूर्यवारे विशेषतः ॥ १८१ ॥
and in the fixed stars, all work with elephants should be done. All work with horses should be done too, best on a Sunday.
Simple meaning: Elephant work goes in these stars and fixed stars. Horse work is best on Sunday.
चित्रावरुणवैरिंचत्र्युत्तरासु गमागमम् ।दर्शाष्टम्यां चतुर्दश्यां पशूनां न कदाचन ॥ १८२ ॥
Moving animals out and back is good in Chitra, Varuna's star, Brahma's star and the three Uttaras. Never do it on the new moon, or on the 8th or 14th tithi (moon day).
Simple meaning: Move animals in Chitra, Shatabhisha, Rohini and the Uttaras. Never on new moon, 8th or 14th.
मृदुध्रुवक्षिप्रचरविशाखापितृभेषु च ।हलप्रवाहं प्रथमं विदध्यान्मूलभे वृषैः ॥ १८३ ॥
Do the first ploughing with bulls. Do it in the soft, fixed, quick and moving stars. Also in Vishakha, in the Pitri (ancestors) star and in Mula.
Simple meaning: First ploughing with bulls goes best in soft, fixed, quick and moving stars, Vishakha, Magha and Mula.
हलादौ वृषनाशाय भत्रयं सूर्यमुक्तभात् ।अग्रे वृद्धचै त्रयं लक्ष्म्यै सौम्यपार्श्वे च पंचकम् ॥ १८४ ॥
At the start of ploughing, count from the star the Sun has left. The first three stars may bring loss of the bulls. Three in front bring growth. Five on the north side bring wealth.
Simple meaning: In the plough wheel, three stars may bring loss of bulls, three bring growth and five bring wealth.
शूलत्रयेपि नवकं मरणाय च पंचकम् ।श्रियै पुष्टचै त्रयं श्रेष्ठं स्याच्चक्रे लांगलाह्वये ॥ १८५ ॥
In the three spikes there are nine stars. Five stars bring a risk to life. Three bring wealth and thriving, and they are the best. This is the wheel called Langala, the plough.
Simple meaning: In the plough wheel, five stars are said to carry a risk to life; three bring wealth and are best.
मृदुध्रुवक्षिप्रभेषु पितृवायुवसूडुषु ।समूलभेषु बीजोतिरत्युत्कृष्टफलप्रदा ॥ १८६ ॥
Sowing seed gives the very best results. Do it in the soft, fixed and quick stars. Also in the Pitri (ancestors), Vayu and Vasu stars, and in Mula.
Simple meaning: Sowing seed gives the best results in soft, fixed and quick stars, Magha, Swati, Dhanishta and Mula.
भवेद्भत्रितयं मूर्ध्नि धान्यनाशाय राहुभात् ।गले त्रयं कज्जलाय वृद्धचै च द्वादशोदरे ॥ १८७ ॥
Counting from Rahu's star, three stars at the head may bring loss of grain. Three at the neck bring soot. Twelve in the belly bring growth.
Simple meaning: A wheel from Rahu's star gives results: grain loss at the head, growth in the belly.
निस्तंडुलत्वं लांगूले भचतुष्टयभीतिदम् ।नाभौ वह्निः पंचकं यद्वीजोताविति चिंतयेत् ॥ १८८ ॥
The four stars at the tail may bring empty husks and worry. The five at the navel carry a risk of fire. Think of sowing seed this way.
Simple meaning: At the tail the grain may be empty, with worry. At the navel fire is a risk. Read sowing this way.
स्थिरेष्वदितिसार्पांत्यपितृमारुतभेषु च ।न कुर्याद्रोगमुक्तस्य स्नानमाहींदुशुक्रयोः ॥ १८९ ॥
Someone freed from illness should not take the bath in the fixed stars. Nor in Aditi's star, the snake star, the last star, the Pitri (ancestors) star or Maruta's star. Nor on the day of the Moon or Venus.
Simple meaning: After an illness, avoid the recovery bath in these stars and on Monday or Friday.
उत्तरात्रयमैत्रेन्द्रवसुवारुणभेषु च ।पुष्यार्कपौष्णधिष्ण्येषु नृत्यारंभः प्रशस्यते ॥ १९० ॥
Starting a dance is praised in the three Uttaras. It is also praised in Mitra, Indra, Vasu and Varuna's stars. And in Pushya, Arka and Paushna stars.
Simple meaning: Starting dance is good in the Uttaras, Anuradha, Jyeshtha, Dhanishta, Shatabhisha, Pushya, Hasta and Revati.
पूर्वार्द्धयुंजि षङ्भानि पौष्णभादुदभात्ततः ।मध्ययुंजि द्वादशर्क्षाणीन्द्रभान्नवभानि च ॥ १९१ ॥
Six stars, from Revati, belong to the first half. Then twelve stars belong to the middle. Nine stars, from Indra's star,
Simple meaning: The 27 stars fall in three groups of six, twelve and nine.
परार्द्धयुंजि क्रमशः संप्रीतिर्दम्पतेर्मिथः ।जघन्यास्तोयपार्द्राहिपवनांतकनाकपाः ॥ १९२ ॥
belong to the last half, in order. They show the love of husband and wife for each other. The short stars are Toyapa's, Ardra, Ahi's, Pavana's, Antaka's and Nakapa's.
Simple meaning: The three star groups show how husband and wife love each other. Six stars are short.
क्रमादितिद्विदैवत्या बृहत्ताराः पराः समाः ।तासां प्रमाणघटिकास्त्रिंशन्नवतिद्यष्टयः ॥ १९३ ॥
In order, Aditi's star and the two-god star are the big stars. The others are equal. Their lengths in ghatikas (24-minute unit) are thirty, ninety and sixty.
Simple meaning: Short stars last 30 ghatikas, big ones 90 and the rest 60.
क्रमादभ्युदिते चंद्रे नयत्यर्घसमानि च ।अश्वग्रींद्वीज्यनैर्ऋत्यत्वाष्ट्रजत्युत्तराभवाः ॥ १९४ ॥
When the Moon has risen, it moves through them in order. Ashvini, Agni's, Indu's, Ijya's, Nairriti's and Tvashtri's stars and the Uttaras, (Our text is unclear here: 'argha-samani', and one word before the Uttaras.)
Simple meaning: The Moon moves through these stars in turn. A list of clan-group stars begins.
पितृद्विदैववस्वाख्यास्ताराः स्युः कुलसंज्ञिकाः ।धातृज्येष्ठादितिस्वातीपौष्णार्कहरिदेवताः ॥ १९५ ॥
and Pitri (ancestors), the two-god and Vasu stars are called kula (clan group). The stars of Dhatri, Jyeshtha, Aditi, Swati, Pushan, Arka and Hari,
Simple meaning: These stars form the clan group. A second list, of non-clan stars, begins.
अजाह्यंत्यकभौजंगताराश्चैवाकुलाह्वयाः ।शेषाः कुलाकुलास्तारास्तासां मध्ये कुलोडुषु ॥ १९६ ॥
and the stars of Aja, Ahi, Antaka and the Snake, are called akula (non-clan group). The rest are kulakula (mixed clan group). Among them, in the kula (clan group) stars,
Simple meaning: More stars form the non-clan group. The rest are mixed.
प्रयाति यदि भूपालस्तदाप्नोति पराजयम् ।भेषूपकुलसंज्ञेषु जयमाप्नोति निश्चितम् ॥ १९७ ॥
if a king marches, he may meet defeat. In the stars called upakula (secondary clan group) he surely wins.
Simple meaning: A king who marches in clan stars may be defeated. In the other group he surely wins.
संधिर्वापि तयोः साम्यं कुलाकुलगणोडुषु ।अर्कार्किभौमवारे चेद्भद्राया विषमांघ्रिभम् ॥ १९८ ॥
In the kulakula (mixed clan group) stars, there is a truce between the two, or an even match. Say it is Sunday, Saturday or Tuesday. Say it is a Bhadra (tithis 2, 7 and 12) day, in a star with odd quarters:
Simple meaning: Mixed stars bring a truce. Sunday, Saturday or Tuesday, with tithi 2, 7 or 12 and certain stars, is Tripushkara.
त्रिपुष्करं त्रिगुणदं द्विगुणं यमलाहिभम् ।दद्यात्तद्दोषनाशाय गोत्रयं मूल्यमेव वा ॥ १९९ ॥
this is Tripushkara, which gives three times over. With a star whose quarters fall in pairs, it is two-fold. To end its fault, give three cows, or their price.
Simple meaning: Tripushkara repeats a result three times. To end its fault, give three cows or their price.
द्विपुष्करे द्वयं दद्यान्न दोषस्त्वृक्षभोऽपि वा ।क्रूरविद्धो युतो वापि पुष्यो यदि बलान्वितः ॥ २०० ॥
For Dvipushkara give two. But there is no fault from the star when Pushya is strong. This holds even if a cruel planet strikes it or joins it.
Simple meaning: For Dvipushkara give two cows. A strong Pushya has no fault, even near a cruel planet.
विना पाणिग्रहं सर्वमंगलेष्विष्टदः सदा ।रामाग्निऋतुबाणाग्निभूवेदाग्निशरेषु च ॥ २०१ ॥
It always gives what is wished in every good act, except marriage. The star counts are three, three, six, five, three, one, four, three, five,
Simple meaning: Pushya, when strong, gives good results in all auspicious acts except marriage.
नेत्रबाहुशरेंद्विंदुबाहुवेदाग्निसंकराः ।वेदनेत्राब्ध्यग्निशतबाहुनेत्ररदाः क्रमात् ॥ २०२ ॥
two, two, five, one, one, two, four, three, eleven; four, two, four, three, a hundred, two, two and thirty-two, in order. (Our text is unclear here: one star's count is missing, most likely Magha's.)
Simple meaning: This lists how many stars each nakshatra has, in order.
तारासंख्याश्च विज्ञेया दस्रादीनां पृथक् पृथक् ।या दृश्यंते दीप्तताराः स्वगणे योगतारकाः ॥ २०३ ॥
The number of stars of Ashvini and the rest should be known, one by one. The bright stars seen in each group are the yogataras (the chief star of a nakshatra).
Simple meaning: Each nakshatra has a known number of stars. The bright ones are its chief stars.
वृषो वृक्षोश्वभायाम्यधिष्ण्येयमकरस्तरुः ।उडुंबरश्चाग्निधिष्ण्ये रोहिण्यां जंबुकस्तरुः ॥ २०४ ॥
Ashvini's tree is the vrisha. Yama's star has the yamakara tree. Agni's star has the udumbara. Rohini has the jambuka tree.
Simple meaning: Each star has its own tree. Krittika has the fig and Rohini the jambu.
इन्दुभात्खदिरो जातः कृष्णप्लक्षश्च रौद्रभात् ।संभूतोऽदितिभाद्वंशः पिप्पलः पुष्यसंभवः ॥ २०५ ॥
From the Moon's star is born the khadira. From Raudra's star, the black plaksha. From Aditi's star, the bamboo. From Pushya, the pippala.
Simple meaning: Mrigashira has the khadira, Ardra the black fig, Punarvasu bamboo and Pushya the peepal.
सर्पधिष्ण्यान्नागवृक्षो वटः पितृभसंभवः ।पालाशो भाग्यभाज्जातः अक्षश्चार्यमसंभवः ॥ २०६ ॥
From the snake's star comes the naga tree. From the Pitri (ancestors) star, the banyan. From the Bhaga star, the palasha. From Aryaman's star, the aksha.
Simple meaning: Ashlesha has the naga tree, Magha the banyan, Purva Phalguni the palasha and Uttara Phalguni the aksha.
अरिष्टवृक्षो रविभाच्छ्रीवृक्षस्त्वाष्ट्रसंभवः ।स्वात्यृक्षजोऽर्जुनो वृक्षो द्विदैवत्याद्विकंकतः ॥ २०७ ॥
From the Sun's star comes the arishta tree. From Tvashtri's star, the shrivriksha. From Swati, the arjuna. From the two-god star, the vikankata.
Simple meaning: Hasta has the arishta, Chitra the shrivriksha, Swati the arjuna and Vishakha the vikankata.
मित्रभाद्बकुलोजातो विष्टिः पौरंदरर्क्षजः ।सर्ज्जवृक्षो मूलभाच्च वंजुलो वारिधिष्ण्यजः ॥ २०८ ॥
From Mitra's star comes the bakula. The Vishti tree comes from Indra's star. The sarja tree is from Mula. The vanjula is from the water star.
Simple meaning: Anuradha has the bakula, Jyeshtha the vishti, Mula the sarja and Purvashadha the vanjula.
पनसो वैश्वभाज्जातश्चार्कवृक्षश्च विष्णुभात् ।वसुधिष्ण्याच्छमीवृक्षः कदंबो वारुणर्क्षजः ॥ २०९ ॥
The jackfruit tree comes from Uttara Ashadha. The madar tree comes from Shravana. The shami tree comes from Dhanishta. The kadamba tree comes from Shatabhisha.
Simple meaning: Each star has its own tree: jackfruit, madar, shami and kadamba for four stars.
अजाहेश्चूतवृक्षोभूद्बुध्न्यजः पिचुमन्दकः ।मधुवृक्षः पौष्णधिष्ण्याद्धिष्ण्यवृक्षाः प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ २१० ॥
The mango tree comes from Purva Bhadrapada. The neem tree comes from Uttara Bhadrapada. The mahua tree comes from Revati. These are told as the trees of the stars.
Simple meaning: Mango, neem and mahua belong to three more stars.
यस्मिञ्छनैश्चरो धिष्ण्ये तद्वृक्षोऽर्च्यः प्रयत्नतः ।योगेशा यमविश्वेंदुधातृजीवनिशाकराः ॥ २११ ॥
The tree of the star where Saturn stands is to be honoured with care. The lords of the yogas (Sun-Moon yoga of the almanac) are Yama, Vishva, the Moon, Dhatri, Jupiter and the Moon.
Simple meaning: Honour the tree of the star where Saturn stands. A list of yoga lords begins.
इंद्रतोयाहिवह्नयर्कभूमिरुद्रकतोयपाः ।गणेशरुद्रधनदत्वष्टृमित्रपडाननाः ॥ २१२ ॥
Indra, Toya (Water), Ahi (Serpent), Vahni (Fire), Sun, Earth, Rudra, Ka and Toyapa (Lord of Waters). Then Ganesha, Rudra, Dhanada (Kubera), Tvashtri, Mitra and Shadanana (Skanda).
Simple meaning: The list of yoga lords goes on with many gods' names.
सावित्री कमला गौरी नासत्यौ पितरोऽदितिः ।वैधृतिश्च व्यतीपातो महापातावुभौ सदा ॥ २१३ ॥
Savitri, Kamala (Lakshmi), Gauri, the Nasatyas (the Ashvins), the Pitris (ancestors) and Aditi. Then Vaidhriti and Vyatipata (a bad Sun and Moon yoga). They are the two great pata (fall-point fault) yogas (Sun-Moon yoga of the almanac). They are always [bad].
Simple meaning: The yoga lord list ends. Vaidhriti and Vyatipata are always bad.
परिवस्य च पूर्वार्द्धं सर्वकार्येषु गर्हितम् ।विष्कंभवज्रयोस्तिस्रः षड्वा गंडातिगंडयोः ॥ २१४ ॥
And the first half of Parigha is condemned in every act. In Vishkambha and Vajra, three ghatikas (24-minute unit) are condemned. In Ganda and Atiganda, six.
Simple meaning: The first half of Parigha is bad for every act. Vishkambha and Vajra lose three ghatikas, Ganda and Atiganda six.
व्यागघाते नव शूले तु पंच नाड्यो हि गर्हिताः ।अदितींदुमघाह्यश्वमूलमैत्रेज्यभानि च ॥ २१५ ॥
In Vyaghata, nine ghatikas (24-minute unit) are condemned. In Shula, five. The stars are Punarvasu, Mrigashira, Magha, Ashlesha, Ashvini, Mula, Anuradha and Pushya. With Chitra, they are to be known as the head stars, in order.
Simple meaning: Vyaghata loses nine ghatikas and Shula five. Nine stars are named as head stars.
ज्ञेयानि सहचित्राणि मूर्द्धभानि यथाक्रमम् ।लिखेदूर्ध्वगतामेकां तिर्यग्रेखास्त्रयोदश ॥ २१६ ॥
Draw one line running up. Draw thirteen lines across.
Simple meaning: Draw one line upward and thirteen lines across it.
तत्र खार्जूरिके चक्रे कथितं मूर्ध्नि भं न्यसेत् ।भाज्यैकरेखागतयोः सूर्याचंद्रमसोर्मिथः ॥ २१७ ॥
In that Kharjurika chakra, place the named head star at the top. Say the Sun and the Moon fall on one line, facing each other.
Simple meaning: Put the head star at the top of the date-palm figure. Check if the Sun and Moon share one line.
एकार्गलो दृष्टिपातश्चाभिजिद्वर्जितानि वै ।विनाडीभिर्द्वादशभी रहितं घटिकाद्वयम् ॥ २१८ ॥
That is ekargala (single-bolt fault), also called drishtipata (facing look). The stars are placed without Abhijit. Two ghatikas (24-minute unit), less twelve vinadis (24-second unit). (Our text is unclear here: what this span of time measures.)
Simple meaning: Sun and Moon on one line of the figure is the single-bolt fault. Abhijit is left out.
योगं प्रकरणं योगाः क्रमात्तु सप्तविंशतिः ।इन्द्रः प्रजापतिर्मित्रस्त्वष्टाभूहरितिप्रिया ॥ २१९ ॥
The section on yoga (Sun-Moon yoga of the almanac): the yogas are twenty-seven, in order. Indra, Prajapati, Mitra, Tvashta, Bhu and Haripriya (Lakshmi).
Simple meaning: There are 27 yogas in order. Then the karana lords begin: Indra, Prajapati, Mitra and others.
कीनाशः कलिरुद्राख्यो तिथ्यर्द्धेशास्त्वहिर्मरुत् ।बवादिवणिजांतानि शुभानि करणानि षट् ॥ २२० ॥
Kinasha, Kali, Rudra, Ahi and Marut. These are the lords of the karanas (half of a moon day). The six karanas from Bava to Vanija are good.
Simple meaning: Eleven gods rule the eleven karanas. The first six karanas, Bava to Vanija, are good.
परीता विपरीता वा विष्टिर्नेष्टा तु मंगले ।मुखे पंचगले चैका वक्षस्येकादश स्मृतः ॥ २२१ ॥
Vishti (bad half of a moon day), whether taken direct or reversed, is not wanted in a good act. Five ghatikas (24-minute unit) are in the mouth, one in the throat, eleven in the chest.
Simple meaning: Vishti is not wanted in a good act. Its parts are the mouth, throat and chest.
नाभौ चतस्रः षट् कट्यां तिस्रः पुच्छाख्यनाडिकाः ।कार्यहानिर्मुखे मृत्युर्गले वक्षसि निःस्वता ॥ २२२ ॥
Four ghatikas (24-minute unit) are in the navel, six in the waist and three called the tail. The mouth may spoil work. The throat may bring a risk to life. The chest may bring poverty.
Simple meaning: In Vishti, the mouth part may spoil work, the throat part risks life and the chest part poverty.
कट्यामुन्मत्तता नाभौ च्युतिः पुच्छे ध्रुवं जयः ।स्थिराणि मध्यमान्येषां मध्यनागचतुष्पदौ ॥ २२३ ॥
The waist may bring a risk of a disturbed mind. The navel may bring a fall. The tail brings sure victory. The fixed ones are middling. Of these, the middle ones are Naga and Chatushpada.
Simple meaning: In Vishti, the waist part may disturb the mind, the navel may bring a fall, the tail sure victory.
दिवामुहूर्ता रुद्राहिमित्रपितृवसूदकम् ।विश्वेविधातृब्रह्मेंद्ररुद्राग्निवसुतोयपाः ॥ २२४ ॥
The day muhurtas (48 minutes) are Rudra, Ahi, Mitra, Pitri (ancestors), Vasu and Udaka. Then Vishve, Vidhatri, Brahma, Indra, Rudra, Agni, Vasu and Toyapa.
Simple meaning: The fifteen parts of the day each have a god as lord. The list starts here.
अर्यमा भगसंज्ञश्च विज्ञेया दश पंच च ।ईशाजपादाहिर्बुध्न्यपूषाश्वियमवह्नयः ॥ २२५ ॥
Then Aryama and Bhaga. These fifteen are to be known. [Next:] Isha, Ajapada, Ahirbudhnya, Pusha, the Ashvins, Yama and Agni.
Simple meaning: The fifteen day muhurtas end with Aryama and Bhaga. A second list of fifteen then begins.
धातृ इन्द्रादितीज्याख्या विष्णवर्कत्वष्टृवायवः ।अह्नः पंचदशो भागस्तथा रात्रिप्रमाणतः ॥ २२६ ॥
Dhatri, Indra, Aditi, Jupiter, Vishnu, Sun, Tvashtri and Vayu. A muhurta (48 minutes) is a fifteenth part of the day, and likewise by the measure of the night.
Simple meaning: Each muhurta is a fifteenth part of the day, and a fifteenth part of the night.
मुहूर्तमानं द्वरावक्षणर्क्षाणि समेश्वरम् ।अर्यमा राक्षसब्राह्मौ पित्र्याग्नेयौ तथाभिजित् ॥ २२७ ॥
That is the measure of a muhurta (48 minutes). The muhurtas go with stars and their lords. [The bad ones are] Aryama, Rakshasa and Brahma, Pitri (ancestors) and Agni, and Abhijit. (Our text is unclear here: the word 'dvarava' before 'muhurta stars'.)
Simple meaning: A muhurta is one fifteenth of day or night. The bad muhurtas for each weekday begin here.
राक्षसाख्यौ ब्राह्मपित्र्यौ भर्गाजांशाविनादिषु ।वारेषु वर्जनीयास्ते मुहूर्ताः शुभकर्मसु ॥ २२८ ॥
Then the two named Rakshasa, Brahma and Pitri (ancestors), and the Bharga and Aja parts. On Sunday and the other weekdays, in order, avoid these muhurtas (48 minutes) in good acts.
Simple meaning: Each weekday has one or two bad muhurtas. Skip them for good acts.
It teaches the parts of the calendar that every muhurta uses: moon days, weekdays, stars, yogas and karanas.
Verse 6.53 says the days of the Moon, Mercury, Jupiter and Venus suit every kind of work.
Verse 6.112 says the six karanas from Bava to Vanija are good.