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Narada Purana (Jyotisha Selections) · by Vyasa
Chapter 1 · Basics and Panchanga
ज्योतिषमूलं पञ्चाङ्गं च
स्वाहोरात्रचतुर्भागे दिनरात्रिदले स्मृते ।याम्यक्रांतौ विपर्यस्ते द्विगुणैते दिनक्षये ॥ १२२ ॥
In the full Narada Purana (Purva Bhaga) this is chapter 54, verse 122.
Take a quarter of a planet's own day and night. Corrected by the latitude difference, it gives half its day and half its night. For a southern declination, do the reverse. Doubled, these give the day and the night.
Simple meaning: A quarter of a planet's day-and-night, corrected, gives half its day and night. Double them for the full lengths.
भभोगोऽष्टशतीर्लिप्ताः स्वाश्विशैलोस्तथातिथेः ।
A nakshatra spans 800 minutes of arc and a tithi 720. Divide a planet's minutes by 800 to get its nakshatra.
रवींदुयोगलिप्तास्तु योगाभभोगभाजिताः ।
Add the Sun and Moon minutes and divide by 800 to get the yoga. Then find the ghatikas.
अर्कोनचंद्रलिप्तास्तु तिथयो भोगभाजिताः ।
Moon minus Sun, divided by 720, gives the tithi. Then find the ghatikas.